48% of primates threatened with extinction November 05, 2009 4:38 PM
Gorillas are at risk due to habitat loss, poaching, and outbreaks of the ebola virus and other diseases.
mongabay.com
August 5, 2008
48 percent of the world's primate species are at risk of extinction,
according to the first comprehensive review of the world's primates
since 2003. The results were released as an update to the IUCN Red List
at the 22nd International Primatological Society Congress in Edinburgh,
Scotland.
Of the 634 types of primates known to science, 11 percent were
listed as Critically Endangered, 22 percent Endangered, and 15 percent
Vulnerable. The results are the worst of any animal group on record,
surpassing even the highly-threatened amphibians and corals.
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"We've raised concerns for
years about primates being in peril, but now we have solid data to show
the situation is far more severe than we imagined," said Russ
Mittermeier, president of Conservation International (CI) and the
chairman of the IUCN Species Survival Commission's Primate Specialist
Group. "Tropical forest destruction has always been the main cause, but
now it appears that hunting is just as serious a threat in some areas,
even where the habitat is still quite intact. In many places, primates
are quite literally being eaten to extinction."
Asia had the highest proportion
of threatened primates at 71 percent. Researchers attribute the dire
status of Asian primates to large-scale habitat loss and hunting as
food and to supply the wildlife market for Chinese medicine and pets.
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"What is happening in Southeast
Asia is terrifying," said Jean-Christophe Vié, Deputy Head of the IUCN
Species Program. "To have a group of animals under such a high level of
threat is, quite frankly, unlike anything we have recorded among any
other group of species to date."
The situation is Africa is not much better. 11 of the 13 kinds
of red colobus monkeys assessed were listed as Critically Endangered or
Endangered, including two of which Bouvier's red colobus (Procolobus
pennantii bouvieri) and Miss Waldron's red colobus (Procolobus badius
waldroni) have not been seen in more than 25 years.
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Orangutans in Borneo (above) and Sumatra are threatened by the pet
trade, logging, and expansion of oil palm plantations in Malaysia and
Indonesia. Photo by Rhett Butler
"Among the African species, the
great apes such as gorillas and bonobos have always tended to grab the
limelight, and even though they are deeply threatened, it is smaller primates such as the red colobus that could die out first," said International Primatological Society President Richard Wrangham.
However not all news on
primates is bad. Scientists continue to discovery unknown species: 53
"new" primates have been described since 2000. And research shows that
provided with sufficient habitat, some species can recover from the
brink of extinction. Two examples can be found in the Atlantic forest
of Brazil: both the black lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysopygus) and
the golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia) have been downlisted
to Endangered from Critically Endangered.
"If you have forests, you can save primates," said CI
scientist Anthony Rylands, the deputy chair of the IUCN Primate
Specialist Group. "The work with lion tamarins shows that conserving
forest fragments and reforesting to create corridors that connect them
is not only vital for primates, but offers the multiple benefits of
maintaining healthy ecosystems and water supplies while reducing
greenhouse gas emissions that cause climate change."