As countless people are well aware, allergies are a nuisance and a debilitating condition. An allergic reaction occurs when the body’s immune system has an overreaction to a normally harmless substance. This substance is known as an allergen and often results in symptoms that can range from itchy eyes and a runny nose to skin rashes and breathing difficulties. Furthermore, allergies can cause painful irritation and can even be lethal to some. This article will describe the symptoms, diagnosis methods and treatment information for some of the more common allergic conditions.

Asthma - This is a chronic inflammatory disorder that results in a swollen throat and inflamed bronchial passages within the lungs. Asthma is widely prevalent and severely disabling at best. At worst, it can even be fatal. While countless allergens can potentially trigger this disorder, indoor allergens are generally responsible. This allergic condition is characterized by difficult breathing, tightness in the chest and frequent bouts of coughing and wheezing. A skin prick test can be used to diagnose this condition and it can be treated through the use of antihistamines, bronchodilators and topical steroids.

Rhinitis - Rhinitis is an allergic condition that is known to occur in the eyes, nose and throat. This symptom arises when airborne particles or allergens trigger the release of histamine, which then subsequently results in inflammation and fluid production in the nasal passages, sinuses and eyelids. Sneezing, stuffy or runny noses, a sore throat, facial pains, headaches, poor concentration and sleeping difficulties characterize rhinitis. Depending on the severity of this condition, over the counter or doctor prescribed antihistamines, in haled medications and eye drops can be used to ease the symptoms.

Oral Allergy Syndrome - Oral Allergy Syndrome (O.A.S.) is an allergic condition occasionally experienced by people with food allergies. Specifically, fresh fruit and vegetables are the common triggers and it is manifested as a local tissue reaction on the person’s lips, mouth and in the throat. These reactions generally occur within a few minutes after ingesting the food, but last only briefly and are rarely severe. A blood test can be used to help in identifying the offending allergen and O.A.C. is generally treated through various over-the-counter antihistamines and epinephrine.

Allergic Conjunctivitis - Conjunctivitis is an eye condition that is triggered by various airborne allergens and irritants. Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis is usually linked to attacks of hay fever. A person who normally might wear contact lenses is recommended to wear eyeglasses during these times. Contact lenses will only compound the problem and may potentially cause an eye infection. Red and itchy eyes and eyelids, swollen eyelids, consistent sneezing and a runny nose characterize allergic conjunctivitis. This condition can be treated through the use of lubricating eye drops and over-the-counter antihistamines. Aspirin and ibuprofen can assist in reducing eyelid swelling and a cold compress over the eyelids can bring substantial relief.

Allergic Contact Dermatitis - This is an allergic reaction that occurs when an allergen substance comes in contact with the surface of the skin. Regardless of how minute the amount, the contact with an allergen will trigger an aggressive skin reaction. Allergic contact dermatitis usually is first signaled by itchy and flushed skin with tiny fluid-filled blisters. However, the onset of symptoms is not necessarily immediate and may appear even a week after initial contact. As a result of this delayed response, patch testing is the ideal diagnostic method. Treatment methods for this condition include cortisone creams and ointments. Tight and rough clothing can further aggravate the symptoms and should therefore be avoided.