Heat Wave Survival Tips

Feeling the heat? A heatwave stretching across much of the U.S. has many of us seeking relief, but it’s prime time for heat-related illness to strike.

In recent years, excessive heat has caused more deaths than all other weather events, including floods, according to the American Red Cross. Our bodies lose water and salt when we perspire, which can lead to heat cramps. If not addressed, dehydration can lead to heat exhaustion. Heat exhaustion leads to heatstroke, a potentially life-threatening condition.

Young children, the elderly, and people with chronic diseases are most at risk of developing heat cramps, heat exhaustion, or heatstroke. Do you know how to lower your risk of heat-related illness…would you recognize the warning signs, and would you know what to do should heat-related illness strike?

Tips to Avoid Heat-Related Illness

Wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing made of breathable fabric like cotton.
When outdoors, wear a wide-brimmed hat.
Choose shade over the sun on a hot day.
Avoid strenuous exercise during a heatwave.
Drink plenty of water or other fluids.
If you feel overheated, take a cool shower or bath.
Avoid sitting in a hot car or leaving your child in the car. (And that goes for pets, too!)
Take advantage of cooling centers during a prolonged hot spell.
Listen to weather advisories before planning outdoor events.
Check on people who live alone, especially the elderly or ill.

Risk Factors for Heat-Related Illness

prolonged exposure to high temperatures
high levels of humidity
dehydration

You are at increased risk if you:

have heart disease or other chronic illness
are drinking alcohol
exercise excessively
take certain medications like diuretics and beta blockers

Early Warning Signs of Heat-Related Illness

fatigue
thirst
muscle cramps
profuse sweating

Symptoms of Heat Exhaustion

dizziness and lightheadedness
weakness
headache
nausea and vomiting
cool, moist skin
dark urine

Symptoms of Heatstroke

fast, shallow breathing
pulse is fast and weak
confusion and strange behavior
fever
skin is red, hot, and dry
seizures
loss of consciousness

First Aid for Heat-Related Illness

Take the victim to a cool place.
Have them lie down with their feet up.
Apply cool, wet cloths (or cool water alone) to their skin. Cold compresses can also help.
If the person is conscious, have them drink water or a salted drink. Do not offer drinks that contain alcohol or caffeine.

When to Call 9-1-1

Consider it a medical emergency if the victim: